Cervical spondylosis, also known as age-related wear and tear of the neck vertebrae, is a common condition affecting the cervical spine. While it can be a part of normal aging, in some cases, it causes discomfort, stiffness, or even nerve-related symptoms that interfere with daily life.
Overview
Cervical spondylosis refers to degenerative changes in the intervertebral discs, joints, and bones of the neck (cervical spine). These changes are often due to age-related disc degeneration, bone spur formation, or narrowing of the spinal canal called spinal stenosis.
Though most people over 60 show signs of cervical degeneration on imaging, not all experience symptoms.
Symptoms
- Neck pain and stiffness, especially after prolonged sitting or sleeping
- Headaches, typically at the back of the head
- Pain radiating to shoulders or arms
- Numbness or tingling in the hands or fingers
- Weakness in the arms (in severe cases)
- Grinding or popping sound with neck movement
Common Causes
- Natural aging and disc degeneration
- Repetitive neck strain from poor posture or work habits
- Previous neck injuries
- Genetic predisposition
- Sedentary lifestyle and lack of neck mobility
- Smoking (which may accelerate degeneration)
Treatment Options
Most cases are managed conservatively. Treatment aims to relieve pain, improve mobility, and prevent further complications.
- Pain relievers or anti-inflammatory medications
- Heat or cold therapy
- Neck collar (short-term use only)
- Activity modification and posture correction
- Corticosteroid injections in more severe cases
Physiotherapy Management
Physiotherapy plays a crucial role in reducing symptoms, improving neck function, and preventing recurrence.
1. Acute Phase (Pain-Dominant Stage)
- Gentle pain-relief modalities (TENS, ultrasound, hot packs)
- Soft tissue mobilization
- Gentle neck ROM exercises within comfort
2. Subacute to Recovery Phase
- Postural training and ergonomic advice
- Strengthening of deep neck flexors and shoulder girdle muscles
- Stretching tight structures (e.g., upper trapezius, levator scapulae)
- Isometric neck exercises
- Scapular stabilization and thoracic mobility work
3. Long-Term Management
- Home exercise program for posture and flexibility
- Workstation setup education
- Lifestyle modifications to reduce strain on the cervical spine
- Core strengthening and upper back conditioning to support spinal alignment
Final Note
Cervical spondylosis is a natural part of aging, but it doesn’t have to control your life. With proper care, lifestyle changes, and physiotherapy, most individuals can manage their symptoms effectively and maintain a good quality of life.
If you’re experiencing neck discomfort or tingling in your arms, don’t ignore it. Early intervention can prevent progression and help you stay active and pain-free.
